Models for implementing continuing professional development programs in low-resource countries

Abstract

Implementing CPD programs for medical professionals has been demonstrated to improve patient outcomes, and is increasingly required for continuing medical licensure. However, implementing programs in low-resource settings is challenging. This review has identified 5 different models for implementation: 1) twinning, 2) greenfield, 3) formal program guided by international medical bodies, 4) directed by regulators and 5) informal program guided by international medical bodies. The models, advantages and disadvantages and costs are discussed. There is minimal evidence on success of implementation models, and further studies are necessary.

Keywords

• Continuing medical education
• Continuing professional development
• Twinning
• Low-resource