Anthropogenic impact on the air environment condition of megalopolis and suburban areas of forestland

Abstract

The anthropogenic impact of the megalopolis on the release of volatile matters by woody plants, air ionization in the suburban areas of the forestland for the period 1998 - 2018 was monitored. A decrease in the emission of volatile matters by woody plants, negative ions, an increase in positive ions was revealed. The composition of the air environment of a megalopolis for a long time was studied. It has been established that anthropogenic factors (dust content, gas contamination, electromagnetic radiation) increase the amount of positive ions by order of magnitude. It was revealed that the presence of electromagnetic radiation significantly affects the physical properties of air. The effect of ionization and volatile matters on the deposition rate of suspended particles was determined in laboratory conditions. Theoretical studies have been carried out, on the basis of which deterministic, differential equations of the effect of ionization on dust content, gas contamination of the air environment and the interaction of air ionization with polydisperse dust, volatile substances to produce adsorbate and its deposition rate have been obtained. The data of experimental and theoretical studies made it possible to develop measures to reduce anthropogenic environmental factors, which will improve the ecological situation and reduce the incidence of megalopolis residents.