Multifunctional Words of Inference and Admiration in Russian and Persian Exclamatory Sentences

Abstract

The meanings of inference and admiration in Russian and Persian point out to the indirect references obtained by the speaker. This research featured multifunctional words zhe and tak in Russian and چهand چطورin Persian exclamatory sentences that convey the meanings of inference and admiration. As these words have different grammatical functions, they also convey different lexical and semantic meanings. The research objective was to define the ways such sentences are translated, as well as to study the grammatical functions of the abovementioned multifunctional words in exclamatory sentences. In both languages, these words also proved to be able to express evidentiality. The obtained results can help foreign students in understanding the methods of conveying the meanings of inference and admiration in Russian and Persian exclamatory sentences.

Keywords

• russian language
• persian language
• evidentiality
• indirect evidentiality
• exclamatory pronoun