EQA (Jun 2023)
Survey on plant parasitic nematode associated with grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) at federal college of horticulture Dadin-Kowa Gombe Nigeria
Abstract
The grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) from the Vitaceae family is one of the world's most important economic fruit crops. It is consumed fresh and processed into various products such as wine, juice, and raisins; 71% of global grape production is used for wine, 27% for fresh fruits, and 2% for raisins (dried fruit). Grapevines have numerous nutritional and economic benefits; however, their production faces numerous challenges, one of which is the pathogen plant parasitic nematodes, which cause significant losses. The goal of the study was to identify plant parasitic nematodes associated with five grapevine varieties at the Federal College of Horticulture in Dadin-Kowa Gombe State. A total of 150 soil samples were collected from five different varieties of grapevines (Bangalore blue, Muscadine, Pinotnoir, Pantara, and Jitawa) using soil augers at a depth of 0–25 cm. PPN were extracted using the whitehead and Hemming tray methods, and a pictorial key was used for PPN identification. A total of ten PPNs (Meloidogyne spp., Paratylenchus spp., Xiphinema spp., Scutellenema spp., Longidorus spp., Heterodera spp., Aphelenchoides spp., Trichodorus spp., Hoplolaimus spp., and Rotylenchus spp. M. incognita had the highest population density, frequency of occurrence (100%), and relative abundance (>20%) of the varieties studied. When compared to the other grapevine varieties sampled, the Shannon-H index revealed a high diversity of nematode species on Pinotnoir and Bangalore Blue. The evenness (eH/S) index indicated that there was no even distribution of PPN among the varieties studied, and Meloidogyne spp. were found to be dominant on some varieties. Similarly, species richness according to the Margalef index was very high among all five varieties. This is the first report of plant parasitic nematodes associated with grapevine in Gombe State. As such, there is a need for policy makers, researchers, and extension workers to give more attention to this farmer's hidden enemy in terms of control strategies and raising awareness among the farmers on its effects and how to effectively manage them.
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