Evaluation of the Bond Strength and Cytotoxicity of Alkasite Restorative Material

Abstract

Cention N (CN; Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein), advertised as an alkasite, is a bioactive bulk-fill resin-based composite (BF-RBC) with alkaline fillers. This study evaluated the resin-dentin micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) and cytotoxicity of CN. Methods: Flat dentin surfaces were obtained, bonded with a universal adhesive, and randomly distributed into two groups. CN (group I) and a flowable BF-RBC, namely, Tetric N-Flow Bulk Fill, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein (group II), were used. After thermocycling, bonded samples were sectioned into micro-beams for μTBS evaluation. Resin-based composite (RBC) discs with a thickness of 2 and 4 mm were tested on human gingival fibroblast cells (HGFCs). Cytotoxicity was assessed by cell viability and growth using AlamarBlue® (Biosource, Camarillo, CA, USA) over a seven-day period. Independent t-test was utilized to statistically analyze μTBS data, while one- and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post-hoc tests were utilized to analyze the cell viability data. Results: There was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) in the μTBS between the flowable BF-RBC and CN. For both materials, the HGFCs were viable, with constant growing over the seven-day period. Conclusion: CN provided a resin-dentin μTBS that was comparable to that provided by the flowable BF-RBC. Both materials showed acceptable cytotoxicity over the seven-day period at a thickness of both 2 and 4 mm.

Keywords

• alkasite
• bulk-fill
• resin-based composite
• micro-tensile bond strength
• dentin
• cytotoxicity