The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2023)
HAWC Study of the Very-high-energy γ-Ray Spectrum of HAWC J1844−034
- A. Albert,
- C. Alvarez,
- D. Avila Rojas,
- H. A. Ayala Solares,
- R. Babu,
- E. Belmont-Moreno,
- M. Breuhaus,
- T. Capistrán,
- A. Carramiñana,
- S. Casanova,
- J. Cotzomi,
- S. Coutiño de León,
- E. De la Fuente,
- D. Depaoli,
- R. Diaz Hernandez,
- B. L. Dingus,
- M. A. DuVernois,
- M. Durocher,
- K. Engel,
- C. Espinoza,
- K. L. Fan,
- K. Fang,
- N. Fraija,
- J. A. García-González,
- M. M. González,
- J. A. Goodman,
- S. Groetsch,
- J. P. Harding,
- I. Herzog,
- J. Hinton,
- D. Huang,
- F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla,
- T. B. Humensky,
- P. Hüntemeyer,
- V. Joshi,
- S. Kaufmann,
- J. Lee,
- H. León Vargas,
- A. L. Longinotti,
- G. Luis-Raya,
- K. Malone,
- O. Martinez,
- J. Martínez-Castro,
- J. A. Matthews,
- P. Miranda-Romagnoli,
- J. A. Morales-Soto,
- E. Moreno,
- M. Mostafá,
- L. Nellen,
- R. Noriega-Papaqui,
- L. Olivera-Nieto,
- N. Omodei,
- E. G. Pérez-Pérez,
- C. D. Rho,
- D. Rosa-González,
- E. Ruiz-Velasco,
- H. Salazar,
- D. Salazar-Gallegos,
- A. Sandoval,
- M. Schneider,
- J. Serna-Franco,
- A. J. Smith,
- Y. Son,
- R. W. Springer,
- O. Tibolla,
- K. Tollefson,
- I. Torres,
- R. Torres-Escobedo,
- R. Turner,
- F. Ureña-Mena,
- E. Varela,
- L. Villaseñor,
- X. Wang,
- I. J. Watson,
- E. Willox,
- H. Zhou,
- HAWC collaboration
Affiliations
- A. Albert
- ORCiD
- Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos, NM, USA
- C. Alvarez
- Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas , Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
- D. Avila Rojas
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
- H. A. Ayala Solares
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA, USA
- R. Babu
- Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University , Houghton, MI, USA
- E. Belmont-Moreno
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
- M. Breuhaus
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics , D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- T. Capistrán
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
- A. Carramiñana
- ORCiD
- Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica , Óptica y Electrónica, Puebla, Mexico
- S. Casanova
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences , PL-31342 IFJ-PAN, Krakow, Poland
- J. Cotzomi
- Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla , Puebla, Mexico
- S. Coutiño de León
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI, USA
- E. De la Fuente
- ORCiD
- Departamento de Física, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactase Ingenierias , Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- D. Depaoli
- Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics , D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- R. Diaz Hernandez
- Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica , Óptica y Electrónica, Puebla, Mexico
- B. L. Dingus
- Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos, NM, USA
- M. A. DuVernois
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI, USA
- M. Durocher
- ORCiD
- Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos, NM, USA
- K. Engel
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD, USA
- C. Espinoza
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
- K. L. Fan
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD, USA
- K. Fang
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI, USA
- N. Fraija
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
- J. A. García-González
- ORCiD
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias , Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L., 64849, Mexico
- M. M. González
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
- J. A. Goodman
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD, USA
- S. Groetsch
- Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University , Houghton, MI, USA
- J. P. Harding
- Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos, NM, USA
- I. Herzog
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI, USA
- J. Hinton
- Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics , D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- D. Huang
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University , Houghton, MI, USA
- F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla
- Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas , Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
- T. B. Humensky
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD, USA
- P. Hüntemeyer
- Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University , Houghton, MI, USA
- V. Joshi
- ORCiD
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen, Germany
- S. Kaufmann
- Universidad Politecnica de Pachuca , Pachuca, Hgo, Mexico
- J. Lee
- ORCiD
- University of Seoul , Seoul, Republic of Korea ; [email protected]
- H. León Vargas
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
- A. L. Longinotti
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
- G. Luis-Raya
- ORCiD
- Universidad Politecnica de Pachuca , Pachuca, Hgo, Mexico
- K. Malone
- ORCiD
- Space Science and Applications Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos, NM, USA
- O. Martinez
- ORCiD
- Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla , Puebla, Mexico
- J. Martínez-Castro
- ORCiD
- Centro de Investigación en Computación, Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Ciudad de México , Mexico
- J. A. Matthews
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque, NM, USA
- P. Miranda-Romagnoli
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo , Pachuca, Mexico
- J. A. Morales-Soto
- ORCiD
- Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo , Morelia, Mexico
- E. Moreno
- ORCiD
- Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla , Puebla, Mexico
- M. Mostafá
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA, USA
- L. Nellen
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico , Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
- R. Noriega-Papaqui
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo , Pachuca, Mexico
- L. Olivera-Nieto
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics , D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- N. Omodei
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford , CA, USA
- E. G. Pérez-Pérez
- Universidad Politecnica de Pachuca , Pachuca, Hgo, Mexico
- C. D. Rho
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon, Republic of Korea ; [email protected]
- D. Rosa-González
- ORCiD
- Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica , Óptica y Electrónica, Puebla, Mexico
- E. Ruiz-Velasco
- Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics , D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- H. Salazar
- Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla , Puebla, Mexico
- D. Salazar-Gallegos
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI, USA
- A. Sandoval
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
- M. Schneider
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD, USA
- J. Serna-Franco
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
- A. J. Smith
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD, USA
- Y. Son
- ORCiD
- University of Seoul , Seoul, Republic of Korea ; [email protected]
- R. W. Springer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- O. Tibolla
- Universidad Politecnica de Pachuca , Pachuca, Hgo, Mexico
- K. Tollefson
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI, USA
- I. Torres
- ORCiD
- Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica , Óptica y Electrónica, Puebla, Mexico
- R. Torres-Escobedo
- ORCiD
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute & School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- R. Turner
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University , Houghton, MI, USA
- F. Ureña-Mena
- ORCiD
- Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica , Óptica y Electrónica, Puebla, Mexico
- E. Varela
- Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla , Puebla, Mexico
- L. Villaseñor
- Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla , Puebla, Mexico
- X. Wang
- Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University , Houghton, MI, USA
- I. J. Watson
- University of Seoul , Seoul, Republic of Korea ; [email protected]
- E. Willox
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD, USA
- H. Zhou
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute & School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- HAWC collaboration
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ace967
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 954,
no. 2
p. 205
Abstract
Recently, the region surrounding eHWC J1842−035 has been studied extensively by γ-ray observatories due to its extended emission reaching up to a few hundred TeV and potential as a hadronic accelerator. In this work, we use 1910 days of cumulative data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory to carry out a dedicated systematic source search of the eHWC J1842−035 region. During the search, we found three sources in the region, namely, HAWC J1844−034, HAWC J1843−032, and HAWC J1846−025. We have identified HAWC J1844−034 as the extended source that emits photons with energies up to 175 TeV. We compute the spectrum for HAWC J1844−034, and by comparing with the observational results from other experiments, we have identified HESS J1843−033, LHAASO J1843−0338, and TASG J1844−038 as very-high-energy γ-ray sources with a matching origin. Also, we present and use the multiwavelength data to fit the hadronic and leptonic particle spectra. We have identified four pulsar candidates in the nearby region in which PSR J1844−0346 is found to be the most likely candidate due to its proximity to HAWC J1844−034 and the computed energy budget. We have also found SNR G28.6−0.1 as a potential counterpart source of HAWC J1844−034 for which both leptonic and hadronic scenarios are feasible.
Keywords
