Enhanced Antibacterial Activity of Clindamycin Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles Loaded with Polyurethane Nanofibrous Scaffolds for the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris
Sammar Fathy Elhabal,
Rehab Abdelmonem,
Rasha Mohamed El Nashar,
Mohamed Fathi Mohamed Elrefai,
Ahmed Mohsen Elsaid Hamdan,
Nesreen A. Safwat,
Mai S. Shoela,
Fatma E. Hassan,
Amira Rizk,
Soad L. Kabil,
Nagla Ahmed El-Nabarawy,
Amal Anwar Taha,
Mohamed El-Nabarawi
Affiliations
Sammar Fathy Elhabal
Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Mokattam, Cairo 11571, Egypt
Rehab Abdelmonem
Department of Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th of October City 12566, Egypt
Rasha Mohamed El Nashar
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
Mohamed Fathi Mohamed Elrefai
Department of Anatomy, Histology, Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
Ahmed Mohsen Elsaid Hamdan
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
Nesreen A. Safwat
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Mokattam, Cairo 11571, Egypt
Mai S. Shoela
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
Fatma E. Hassan
Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 11562, Egypt
Amira Rizk
Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agricultural, Tanta University, Tanta City 31527, Egypt
Soad L. Kabil
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
Nagla Ahmed El-Nabarawy
National Egyptian Center of Environmental & Toxicological Research (NECTR), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
Amal Anwar Taha
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th of October City 12566, Egypt
Mohamed El-Nabarawi
Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
Acne vulgaris, a prevalent skin condition, arises from an imbalance in skin flora, fostering bacterial overgrowth. Addressing this issue, clindamycin molecularly imprinted polymeric nanoparticles (Clin-MIP) loaded onto polyurethane nanofiber scaffolds were developed for acne treatment. Clin-MIP was synthesized via precipitation polymerization using methacrylic acid (MAA), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), and azoisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as functional monomers, crosslinkers, and free-radical initiators, respectively. MIP characterization utilized Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) before being incorporated into polyurethane nanofibers through electrospinning. Further analysis involved FTIR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in vitro release studies, and an ex vivo study. Clin-MIP showed strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus, with inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 0.39 and 6.25 μg/mL, respectively. It significantly dropped the bacterial count from 1 × 108 to 39 × 101 CFU/mL in vivo and has bactericidal activity within 180 min of incubation in vitro. The pharmacodynamic and histopathology studies revealed a significant decrease in infected animal skin inflammation, epidermal hypertrophy, and congestion upon treatment with Clin-MIP polyurethane nanofiber and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines (NLRP3, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) conducive to acne healing. Consequently, the recently created Clin-MIP polyurethane nanofibrous scaffold. This innovative approach offers insight into creating materials with several uses for treating infectious wounds caused by acne.
