A case of strongyloidiasis with aplastic anaemia: A common disease with an uncommon presentation

Abstract

Strongyloidiasis is an opportunistic infection caused by the nematode helminth Strongyloides stercoralis and transmitted mostly via soil. The disease is usually asymptomatic, limited, and long-standing. Herein, we report a case of strongyloidiasis in a patient who seemed to be immunocompetent despite his malnourished appearance. He was presented with pancytopenia and aplastic anaemia and well responded to albendazole therapy with complete resolution of symptoms within three months. We recommend, prior to beginning of immunosuppressive regimens, it may be prudent to examine all patients presenting with abdominal discomfort along with pancytopenia for a possible worm infestation. Bone marrow suppression induced by worm infestation is an extremely rare but potentially comorbid condition that can lead to pancytopenia and severe aplastic anaemia.

Keywords

• Strongyloides
• Immunocompetent patient
• Pancytopenia
• Aplastic anaemia