Longitudinal Follow-Up of Blood Telomere Length in HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children Having Received One Year of Lopinavir/Ritonavir or Lamivudine as Prophylaxis
Audrey Monnin,
Amélie Vizeneux,
Nicolas Nagot,
Sabrina Eymard-Duvernay,
Nicolas Meda,
Mandisa Singata-Madliki,
Grace Ndeezi,
James Kashugyera Tumwine,
Chipepo Kankasa,
Ameena Goga,
Thorkild Tylleskär,
Philippe Van de Perre,
Jean-Pierre Molès
Affiliations
Audrey Monnin
Pathogenèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques, INSERM U1058, Université Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Antilles, 34093 Montpellier, France
Amélie Vizeneux
Pathogenèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques, INSERM U1058, Université Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Antilles, 34093 Montpellier, France
Nicolas Nagot
Pathogenèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques, INSERM U1058, Université Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Antilles, 34093 Montpellier, France
Sabrina Eymard-Duvernay
Pathogenèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques, INSERM U1058, Université Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Antilles, 34093 Montpellier, France
Nicolas Meda
Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso 01 P.O. Box 390, Burkina Faso
Mandisa Singata-Madliki
Effective Care Research Unit, Cecilia Makiwane Hospital, University of Fort Hare, East London 5207, South Africa
Grace Ndeezi
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala P.O. Box 317, Uganda
James Kashugyera Tumwine
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala P.O. Box 317, Uganda
Chipepo Kankasa
Department of Paediatric and Child Health, University Teaching Hospital, University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka P.O. Box 50110, Zambia
Ameena Goga
HIV Prevention Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Private Bag x385, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
Thorkild Tylleskär
Centre for International Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5009 Bergen, Norway
Philippe Van de Perre
Pathogenèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques, INSERM U1058, Université Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Antilles, 34093 Montpellier, France
Jean-Pierre Molès
Pathogenèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques, INSERM U1058, Université Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Antilles, 34093 Montpellier, France
Telomere shortening can be enhanced upon human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and by antiretroviral (ARV) exposures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute and long-term effect on telomere shortening of two ARV prophylaxes, lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) and lamivudine (3TC), administered to children who are HIV-exposed uninfected (CHEU) to prevent HIV acquisition through breastfeeding during the first year of life, and to investigate the relationship between telomere shortening and health outcomes at six years of age. We included 198 CHEU and measured telomere length at seven days of life, at week-50 and at six years (year-6) using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. At week-50, telomere shortening was observed among 44.3% of CHEU, irrespective of the prophylactic treatment. Furthermore, this telomere shortening was neither associated with poor growth indicators nor neuropsychological outcomes at year-6, except for motor abilities (MABC test n = 127, β = −3.61, 95%CI: −7.08, −0.14; p = 0.04). Safety data on telomere shortening for infant HIV prophylaxis are scarce. Its association with reduced motor abilities deserves further attention among CHEU but also HIV-infected children receiving ARV treatment.
