Identification of plant diseases and distinct approaches for their management

Abstract

Abstract Background Globally in the agricultural industry the major loss faced by is due to plant diseases. Various pathogens are responsible for causing plant bacterial and viral diseases, the treatment of them is very important in order to bring out the best quality and quantity of the agricultural yield. Before Technology came into practice the plant disease were identified by visual examination, the main symptoms such as curling of leaves and change of colour were observed. With advancements in science the microscopic examination for more clarity regarding diseases came into existence. Main body The distinct methods involve use of nucleic acids and serological assays were implemented to study bacterial and viral characteristics of the infecting pathogen. Traditionally, seed coating and mulching techniques were more common among farmers to generate better quality of the crops and prevent plants from any disease but currently new innovative methods are used. Microbial bio control agents are now one of the widely used approach in which microbial species are used to eliminate or inhibit the growth of pathogens in order to reduce the severity of the infection. Similarly, like microbial agent’s different chemicals are present in order to kill the pathogens. These chemicals are classified as bactericides, fungicides and nematicides which suppress the plant infection caused by bacteria, fungal and nematodes, respectively. Conclusions In the forthcoming years, the development of more innovative agricultural-related techniques is prime that will help in increase of the yield and provides resistance to plants. Some of them are developed earlier but there is still need to develop more pathogen-resistant species for example in case of silencing of genes with insertion of a viral segment.

Keywords

• Plant diseases
• Bio control agents
• Pathogens
• ELISA
• FISH