In silico identification and characterization of bovine mastitis related inflammatory genes and their possibilities to control mastitis

Abstract

Bovine mastitis, a bout of inflammation of the mammary gland in high-yield dairy cows, frequently brings on by bacterial infections. One of the biggest illnesses that harm the dairy sector financially is mastitis, which lowers milk production and quality. Taking into consideration the impact of mastitis on milk production and dairy industry, research studies are already underway, but till now no concrete solution is there. It is assuming that molecular level understanding behind the mastitis can boost the process to control the mastitis at some extent. Thus, the goal of this scientific study was to identify immunogenic genes and their functional characterization. Along with that study also attempts to explore the possibilities for the use of immunogenic proteins as therapeutic targets to control mastitis. For the purpose cDNA microarray data of bovine mammary epithelial cells after the in vitro stimulation with Escherichia coli was considered. This investigation proceeds to study immunological responses on mammary epithelial (BME) cells. Using network based approach the investigation pinpointed 25 essential key genes for E. coli mastitis and their contribution related to the immune response. Through molecular docking, study also reported 33 herbal compounds with considerable affinity against toll-like receptor (TLR) and bovine granulocyte-colony stimulating factor proteins which are critical for mastitis.

Keywords

• bovine mastitis
• immunogenic genes
• toll-like receptors
• inflammation
• mammary gland
• e. coli
• neem
• aloe
• basil