EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF MICROCIRCULATORY DISORDERS IN THE PERIODONTIUM OF ADOLESCENTS WHO SMOKES

Abstract

Smoking is one of the most common bad habits which could realize in pathological process in different organs and systems. At the same time, smoking in childhood and adolescence especially contributes to the deterioration of somatic condition, increases the risk and causes the severity of respiratory diseases, which in the future affects the development and functioning of the respiratory system, causes addictions and complicates the pathology. It is believed that the violation of the microcirculatory bed may be one of the key links in the development of pathological processes in the oral cavity. Therefore, improving the quality of diagnosis of lesions of the microcirculatory tract of periodontal tissues in the early stages of the inflammatory process was the goal of our work. Material and methods. All patients were divided into 2 groups: 1st group contains 15 adolescents aged 14 to 17 who smoked, and the control 20 adolescents aged 14 to 18 who`s never smoked. Determination of the degree of vascular injury of periodontal tissues in adolescents was performed using biochemical analysis of oral fluid to detect prognostic markers of microcirculation in periodontal tissues with detection of arginine, nitrates, citrulline, urea level. Results. The results and their analysis indicate some differences in the biochemical profile of oral fluid in adolescents who smoke and adolescents who do not have this habit. The following values of the studied indicators are obtained. Interquartile indicators of arginine level in the 1st group 6.17-13.64, in the control group – 9.03-12.11; nitrates – 98.3-174.82 and 96.8-179.34, citrulline – 10.21-17.38 and 7.35-14.33, urea – 10.4-15.4 and 11.4- 17.2 in accordance with the order mentioned before. This situation may indicate an early biochemical response that occurs some time before clinical manifestations, as individuals with intact periodontium were selected to participate in this study. Conclusions. Smoking is an unconditional factor that worsens the morphological functional state of the oral mucosa not only in adults but also in adolescents there is a significant difference between the levels arginine and citrulline, but there is no difference between nitrate and urea values.

Keywords

• smoking
• adolescents
• oral cavity
• mucous membrane.