Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry (Mar 2022)
Study of Alveolar Bone Remodeling Using Deciduous Tooth Stem Cells and Hydroxyapatite by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Enhancement and Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 Expression in vivo
Abstract
Tania Saskianti,1 Alexander Patera Nugraha,2 Chiquita Prahasanti,3 Diah Savitri Ernawati,4 Kotaro Tanimoto,5 Wibi Riawan,6 Masami Kanawa,7 Takeshi Kawamoto,8,9 Katsumi Fujimoto8,10 1Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; 2Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; 3Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; 4Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; 5Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; 6Biomolecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia; 7Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; 8Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; 9Writing Center, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan; 10Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, JapanCorrespondence: Tania Saskianti, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jalan Prof. Dr. Moestopo No. 47, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia, Tel +62 81 232014445, Email [email protected]: Periodontitis progression is characterized by alveolar bone loss, and its prevention is a major clinical problem in periodontal disease management. Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) has been shown to adequately monitor the treatment of chronic periodontitis patients as gingival crevicular fluid MMP-8s were positively associated with the severity of periodontal disease. Moreover, modulating the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in bones could be a good way to improve bone regeneration and cure periodontitis as VEGF promotes endothelial cell proliferation, proteolytic enzyme release, chemotaxis, and migration; all of which are required for angiogenesis.Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hydroxyapatite incorporated with stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) in Wistar rats’ initial alveolar bone remodeling based on the findings of MMP-8 and VEGF expressions.Methods: A hydroxyapatite scaffold (HAS) in conjunction with SHED was transplanted into animal models with alveolar mandibular defects. A total of 10 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into two groups: HAS and HAS + SHED. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed after 7 days to facilitate the examination of MMP-8 and VEGF expressions.Results: The independent t-test found significant downregulation of MMP-8 and upregulation VEGF expressions in groups transplanted with HAS in conjunction with SHED compared with the HAS group (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The combination of SHED with HAS on alveolar bone defects may contribute to initial alveolar bone remodeling as evident through the assessments of MMP-8 and VEGF expressions.Keywords: angiogenesis, medicine, osteogenesis, scaffold, tissue engineering
