Abdominal obesity is associated with increased worsening renal function risk in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

Abstract

Abstract Background Worsening renal function (WRF) is a frequent comorbidity of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). However, its relationship with abdominal obesity in terms of HFpEF remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the value of waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) in predicting WRF and examine the correlation between abdominal obesity and the risk of WRF in the HFpEF population. Methods Data were obtained from the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist trial. Abdominal obesity was defined as WC ≥ 102 cm for men and ≥ 88 cm for women. WRF was defined as doubling of serum creatinine concentration from baseline. Restricted cubic splines and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the value of WC and BMI in predicting WRF. Cumulative incidence curves and cox proportional-hazards models were used to compare patients with and without abdominal obesity. Results We included 2,806 patients with HFpEF in our study (abdominal obesity, n: 2,065). Although baseline creatinine concentrations did not differ, patients with abdominal obesity had higher concentrations during a median follow-up time of 40.9 months. Unlike BMI, WC exhibited a steady linear association with WRF and was a superior WRF predictor. Patients with abdominal obesity exhibited a higher risk of WRF after multivariable adjustment (hazard ratio: 1.632; 95% confidence interval: 1.015–2.621; P: 0.043). Conclusions Abdominal obesity is associated with an increased risk of WRF in the HFpEF population. Trial registration URL: https://beta.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00094302.

Keywords

• HFpEF
• Worsening renal function
• Waist circumference
• Body mass index
• Abdominal obesity
• Body fat distribution