KEPEMIMPINAN, SISTEM DAN STRUKTUR ORGANISASI, LINGKUNGAN FISIK, DAN KEEFEKTIFAN ORGANISASI SEKOLAH

Abstract

Abstract: The Effects of Leadership, System and Structure, and Physical Environment on the Ef­fectiveness of School Organization. The study aims at obtaining information of the effects of leadership, system and structure, and physical environment on the effectiveness of organization. This causal study was conducted in one hundred schools in Jakarta. Survey method with causal approach and path analysis was employed. The population consisted of288 teachers in junior high schools in DKI Province of Jakarta. The sample of 100 teachers was selected by applying simple random sampling technique. The results show di­rect effects of (1) system and structure on physical environment, (2) leadership on the effectiveness, (3) system and structure on physical environment as well as the effectiveness of organization, (4) physical en­vironment on the effectiveness of organization. In addition, system and structure show indirect effect on the effectiveness of organization through the physical environment. The research concludes that any change or variation in organizational effectiveness can be influenced by leadership, system and structure, and physical environment. Abstrak: Kepemimpinan, Sistem dan Struktur Organisasi, Lingkungan Fisik, dan Keefektifan Orga­nisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh kepemimpinan, sistem dan struktur organi­sasi, dan lingkungan fisik terhadap keefektifan organisasi. Penelitian diselenggarakan di seratus sekolah di Jakarta, dengan menggunakan metode survei melalui pendekatan kausal dan analisis jalur. Sampel sebanyak 100 guru SMP Negeri Provinsi DKI Jakarta diambil dengan teknik penyampelan acak sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh langsung dari (1) sistem dan struktur organisasi terhadap lingkungan fisik; (2) kepemimpinan kepala sekolah terhadap keefektifan organisasi; (3) sistem dan struktur terhadap lingkungan fisik juga terhadap keefektifan organisasi; (4) lingkungan fisik terhadap keefektifan organisasi; dan (5) sistem dan struktur organisasi menunjukkan pengaruh tidak langsung terhadap keefektifan organisasi melalui lingkungan fisik. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa variasi atau perubahan manapun terhadap keefektifan organisasi dapat dipengaruhi oleh perilaku kepemimpinan, sistem dan struktur serta lingkungan fisik.

Keywords

• kepemimpinan, sistem organisasi, struktur organisasi, lingkungan fisik, keefektifan organisasi sekolah