Single session subconvulsive electrical stimulation has rapid therapeutic effects and reduces length of hospitalization in patients in an acute manic episode

• Amilcar Silva-dos-Santos,
• Nagy A. Youssef,
• Joana Bravo,
• Miguel Sales,
• Maria Vaz Velho,
• Fábio Simões,
• Beatriz Gaspar,
• Maria João Gracias,
• Joana Lopes,
• Rita Duarte,
• Elsa Lara,
• Ricardo Gusmão,
• Harold A. Sackeim

Affiliations

Amilcar Silva-dos-Santos

Hospital CUF Tejo, Lisbon, Portugal; NOVA Medical School (NMS/FCM) – NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; Universidade do Mindelo, Rua Patrice Lumumba, CP 648, Mindelo, São Vicente, Republic of Cabo Verde; Psychiatry Department, Hospital Vila Franca de Xira, Vila Franca de Xira, Portugal

Nagy A. Youssef

Department of Psychiatry, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA

Joana Bravo

Psychiatry Department, Hospital Vila Franca de Xira, Vila Franca de Xira, Portugal

Miguel Sales

Psychiatry Department, Hospital Vila Franca de Xira, Vila Franca de Xira, Portugal; Psychiatry Department, Centro Hospitalar do Oeste, Unidade de Caldas da Rainha, Caldas da Rainha, Portugal

Maria Vaz Velho

Psychiatry Department, Hospital Vila Franca de Xira, Vila Franca de Xira, Portugal

Fábio Simões

Psychiatry Department, Hospital Vila Franca de Xira, Vila Franca de Xira, Portugal

Beatriz Gaspar

Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

Maria João Gracias

Psychiatry Department, Hospital Vila Franca de Xira, Vila Franca de Xira, Portugal

Joana Lopes

Psychiatry Department, Hospital Vila Franca de Xira, Vila Franca de Xira, Portugal

Rita Duarte

Cardiology Department, Hospital Vila Franca de Xira, Vila Franca de Xira, Portugal

Elsa Lara

Hospital CUF Tejo, Lisbon, Portugal

Ricardo Gusmão

EpiUnit, Public Health Institute, University of Porto (ISPUP), Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal; Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), Portugal

Harold A. Sackeim

Corresponding author. Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY USA.; Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA