Endoscopic Characteristics of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract in Children with Allergic Diseases

Abstract

The correlation between lesions of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and allergic diseases is generally accepted. The action of allergic mediators, which cause an inflammation of the GIT, is known too. Objective: to study the state of the upper GIT to improve the quality of care for children with allergy diseases. Materials and Methods. 61 endoscopic investigations of children aged 6 months to 17 years with allergy were analyzed. The results were processed by methods of variation statistics. Results and Discussion. In the structure of allergic diseases: 43 % — children with combined allergic pathology, 31 % — with allergic rhinitis, 18 % — with bronchial asthma (BA), 8 % — with angioedema. Destructive changes of the GIT were detected in 23 % of patients. Destruction of all regions of the GIT was more common in patients with BA, of the duodenum — in 31 % of children with comorbidity. Erythematous changes of the sto­mach were identified in 91 % of patients with BA and 85 % of patients with combined allergic pathology. Erythematous lesions of the duodenum were detected in 82 % of patients with BA and 58 % — with concomitant allergy. Erythematous lesions of the esophagus were found in 27 % of patients with BA and 20 % of children with angioedema. 32.8 % of the surveyed subjects had lymphoid hyperplasia of various regions of the GIT. Duodenogastric reflux was diagnosed in 44.2 % of patients. Conclusions. 1. In children with allergic disease, the lesions of the digestive system are as follows: 15 % — of the esophagus, 67 % — of the stomach, 60 % — of the duodenum. 2. Destructive forms represented as an erosion account for 23 %. 3. The most unfavorable pathology in terms of GIT lesion is BA and its combinations. 4. 32.8 % of patients have lymphoid hyperplasia of the GIT. 5. Duodenogastric reflux was detected in 44.2 % of patients.

Keywords

• children
• allergy
• endoscopy
• gastrointestinal tract