低温化学甘油解法制备1,3-甘油二酯工艺优化Optimization of low-temperature chemical glycerolysis process for preparation of 1, 3-diacylglycerol

Abstract

为制备富含1,3-甘油二酯（1,3-DAG）的甘油二酯油，以大豆油和甘油为原料，采用低温化学甘油解法制备1，3-DAG。利用单因素实验考察溶剂种类、溶剂用量、催化剂种类、催化剂用量、反应时间、反应温度对产品组成的影响，以优化工艺条件，并在最优条件下进行放大实验。结果表明：低温化学甘油解法制备1,3-DAG的最优条件为以丙酮为溶剂、溶剂与反应物质量比2∶ 1、以甲醇钠为催化剂、催化剂用量0.6%（以反应物质量计）、反应温度50 ℃、反应时间3 h；在最优条件下经验证实验，产物中甘油三酯（TAG）含量为44.03%，DAG含量达43.97%，其中1,2-DAG含量为13.53%，1,3-DAG含量为3044%；将反应物用量放大10倍，产物中TAG含量为46.35%，1,3-DAG含量为29.13%。综上，以大豆油为原料，采用低温化学甘油解法得到了富含1,3-DAG的甘油二酯油，且该方法具有可以应用于大规模生产1,3-DAG的潜力。In order to prepare oil rich in 1, 3-diacylglycerols (1,3-DAG) , using soybean oil and glycerol as raw materials, 1,3-DAG was prepared by low-temperature chemical glycerolysis. The effects of solvent type, solvent dosage, catalyst type, catalyst dosage, reaction time and reaction temperature on product composition were investigated by single factor experiment to optimize the process conditions. The scale-up experiment was conducted under the optimal conditions. The results showed that the optimal conditions of preparing 1,3-DAG by low-temperature chemical glycerolysis were obtained as follows: with acetone as solvent, mass ratio of solvent to reactant 2∶ 1 , with sodium methoxide as catalyst, catalyst dosage 0.6%(based on reactant mass), reaction temperature 50 ℃, and reaction time 3 h. Under these conditions, the content of TAG in the product was 44.03%, and the content of DAG was 43.97%, with the content of 1,2-DAG 13.53%, and the content of 1,3-DAG 30.44%. Increasing the dosage of reactants by 10 times, the TAG content was 46.35% and the 1,3-DAG content was 29.13%. In conclusion, with soybean oil as raw material, diglyceride oil rich in 1,3-DAG can be obtained by low-temperature chemical glycerolysis, and this method has the potential to be applied to large-scale production of 1,3-DAG.

Keywords

• 1，3-甘油二酯；低温；化学甘油解；大豆油
• 1，3-dag；low-temperature;chemical glycerolysis;soybean oil