Manipulating Crystal Growth and Secondary Phase PbI2 to Enable Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells with Natural Additives

Abstract

Highlights The novel ionic cellulose derivative with cyano-imidazolium cation and chloride anion, designed from natural cellulose, promotes the crystallization process, grain growth, and orientation of perovskite in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The use of ionic cellulose leads to the suppression of defect formation, reduction of grain boundaries, enhancement of carrier extraction, and inhibition of non-radiative recombination, resulting in a high power conversion efficiency of 24.71% in PSCs. The biopolymer-based approach enables excellent stability of PSCs, which maintain over 91.3% of their initial efficiencies after 3000 h in conventional air atmosphere.

Keywords

• Perovskite
• Solar cells
• Defect passivation
• Biomass additives
• Crystal orientation