Статистика и экономика (Mar 2020)
Assessment of activity indicators of individual entrepreneurs in Russia
Abstract
Purpose of research. It is known that individual entrepreneurs create a large number of jobs for themselves and employees and saturate the regional markets with their goods, works and services. The strategy for improving business activity in Russia until 2030 provides for an increase of one and a half times the number of employees in this sector of the economy. Therefore, the problem of assessing the parameters of individual entrepreneurship in our country is put forward as an urgent one. The purpose of our research is to determine the current industry structure in 2018 and assess the indicators that characterize the level of this sector in the economy of the regions.Materials and methods. The study used the author’s proposed methodological approach, based on the consideration of specific indicators that describe the characteristics of the activities of individual entrepreneurs, united by industry and regional characteristics. As the initial information, we considered official statistical data provided on the website of ROSSTAT, describing the absolute performance indicators of sets of individual entrepreneurs, formed by 18 types of economic activity and 82 regions of Russia for 2018. The study tested the following two hypotheses: significant differences in the specific weights of indicators of individual entrepreneurs specialized in different types of economic activity; differentiation of indicators that characterize the activities of individual entrepreneurs in different regions.Results. The analysis of the branch structure of individual entrepreneurship in Russia was based on the calculation of the specific weights of four indicators that characterize the activities of individual entrepreneurs specialized in different types of economic activity, in the general values of these indicators of individual entrepreneurship in Russia as a whole. These indicators include: the number of actually operating individual entrepreneurs; the number of employees in the sector of individual entrepreneurship; the number of employees; the volume of revenue of individual entrepreneurs from the sale of goods, products, works and services. The study included the development of economic and mathematical models describing five indicators and the activities of all individual entrepreneurs in each of the regions of the country. The assessment of indicators that characterize the level of development of the business sector in the economy of the regions allowed for a corresponding comparative analysis. It is shown that in Russia entrepreneurs in the sphere of wholesale and retail trade prevail. More than 43% of all entrepreneurs specialize in this activity. The share of all employed in individual entrepreneurship is more than half. The share of revenue from such activities reached 67% of the total revenue of all individual entrepreneurs.Conclusion. The scientific novelty of the study is associated with the study of the distribution of indicators that characterize the totality of individual entrepreneurs by industry and region. The methodology and tools that were used in the research process can be applied in similar studies for other time periods. The new knowledge obtained can be applied in research on the problems of individual entrepreneurship. The results of the study can be used in the educational process: in the preparation of bachelors and masters, researchers, as well as specialists of state and municipal administration.
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