The Astronomical Journal (Jan 2023)
A Transiting Super-Earth in the Radius Valley and an Outer Planet Candidate Around HD 307842
- Xinyan Hua,
- Sharon Xuesong Wang,
- Johanna K. Teske,
- Tianjun Gan,
- Avi Shporer,
- George Zhou,
- Keivan G. Stassun,
- Markus Rabus,
- Steve B. Howell,
- Carl Ziegler,
- Jack J. Lissauer,
- Joshua N. Winn,
- Jon M. Jenkins,
- Eric B. Ting,
- Karen A. Collins,
- Andrew W. Mann,
- Wei Zhu,
- Su Wang,
- R. Paul Butler,
- Jeffrey D. Crane,
- Stephen A. Shectman,
- Luke G. Bouma,
- César Briceño,
- Diana Dragomir,
- William Fong,
- Nicholas Law,
- Jennifer V. Medina,
- Samuel N. Quinn,
- George R. Ricker,
- Richard P. Schwarz,
- Sara Seager,
- Ramotholo Sefako,
- Chris Stockdale,
- Roland Vanderspek,
- Joel Villaseñor
Affiliations
- Xinyan Hua
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China ; [email protected], [email protected]
- Sharon Xuesong Wang
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China ; [email protected], [email protected]
- Johanna K. Teske
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science , 5241 Broad Branch Road, NW, Washington, DC 20015, USA
- Tianjun Gan
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China ; [email protected], [email protected]
- Avi Shporer
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- George Zhou
- ORCiD
- Centre for Astrophysics, University of Southern Queensland , Queensland, Australia
- Keivan G. Stassun
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Markus Rabus
- ORCiD
- Departamento de Matemática y Física Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción , Alonso de Rivera 2850, Concepción, Chile
- Steve B. Howell
- ORCiD
- NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
- Carl Ziegler
- Department of Physics, Engineering and Astronomy, Stephen F. Austin State University , 1936 North Street, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA
- Jack J. Lissauer
- ORCiD
- Space Science & Astrobiology Division, MS 245-3, NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
- Joshua N. Winn
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Jon M. Jenkins
- ORCiD
- NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
- Eric B. Ting
- ORCiD
- NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
- Karen A. Collins
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Andrew W. Mann
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3255, USA
- Wei Zhu
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China ; [email protected], [email protected]
- Su Wang
- Purple Mountain Observatory , No.10 Yuanhua Road, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
- R. Paul Butler
- ORCiD
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science , 5241 Broad Branch Road, NW, Washington, DC 20015, USA
- Jeffrey D. Crane
- ORCiD
- Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science , 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
- Stephen A. Shectman
- ORCiD
- Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science , 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
- Luke G. Bouma
- ORCiD
- Cahill Center for Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- César Briceño
- ORCiD
- Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory , Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile
- Diana Dragomir
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico , 210 Yale Boulevard NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
- William Fong
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Nicholas Law
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3255, USA
- Jennifer V. Medina
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Samuel N. Quinn
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- George R. Ricker
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Richard P. Schwarz
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Sara Seager
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ramotholo Sefako
- ORCiD
- South African Astronomical Observatory , P.O. Box 9, Observatory, Cape Town 7935, South Africa
- Chris Stockdale
- ORCiD
- Hazelwood Observatory , Australia
- Roland Vanderspek
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Joel Villaseñor
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/acd751
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 166,
no. 1
p. 32
Abstract
We report the confirmation of a TESS-discovered transiting super-Earth planet orbiting a mid-G star, HD 307842 (TOI-784). The planet has a period of 2.8 days, and the radial velocity (RV) measurements constrain the mass to be ${9.67}_{-0.82}^{+0.83}\ {M}_{\oplus }$ . We also report the discovery of an additional planet candidate on an outer orbit that is most likely nontransiting. The possible periods of the planet candidate are approximately 20–63 days, with the corresponding RV semiamplitudes expected to range from 3.2 to 5.4 m s ^−1 and minimum masses from 12.6 to 31.1 M _⊕ . The radius of the transiting planet (planet b) is ${1.93}_{-0.09}^{+0.11}\ {R}_{\oplus }$ , which results in a mean density of ${7.4}_{-1.2}^{+1.4}\ {\rm{g}}\,{\mathrm{cm}}^{-3}$ suggesting that TOI-784 b is likely to be a rocky planet though it has a comparable radius to a sub-Neptune. We found TOI-784 b is located at the lower edge of the so-called “radius valley” in the radius versus insolation plane, which is consistent with the photoevaporation or core-powered mass-loss prediction. The TESS data did not reveal any significant transit signal of the planet candidate, and our analysis shows that the orbital inclinations of planet b and the planet candidate are ${88.60^\circ }_{-0.86}^{+0.84}$ and ≤88.°3–89.°2, respectively. More RV observations are needed to determine the period and mass of the second object, and search for additional planets in this system.
Keywords
