Lactic acid bacteria based purified exopolysaccharide showed viscofying and hypercholesterolemic capabilites

Abstract

Exopolysaccharide (EPS400) from highest cholesterol removing (85.81±0.76%) Limosilactobacillus fermentum NCDC400 (LFNCDC400) was isolated, purified by anion-exhange chromatography. FTIR and NMR analysis revealed that EPS400 comprised of functional hydroxyl (O-H) and carboxyl (C=O) groups and glycosidic bonds. G′ of 2% (w/v) EPS400 solution was higher than the G″, indicating its viscofying behavior relating to its heteropolysaccharides nature and greater MW (5.7 × 105 Da) as demonstrated earlier. The heteropolysaccharides molecule appeared with coarse surface and compact structure in SEM analysis. At a concentration of 2%, EPS400 removed 90.32±0.28% cholesterol from the media. EPS400 showed greater reduction in cholesterol bioaccessibility than the LFNCDC400, under gastrointestinal conditions. In animal studies, a known cholesterol reducing β-glucan and EPS400 significantly (P<0.05) lowered and maintained cholesterol profile in hypercholesterolemic rats than LFNCDC400. These findings suggest that EPS400 could be used to remove diatary cholesterol and serve as novel hypocholesterolemic agent for food and pharmaceutical applications.

Keywords

• Exopolysaccharide
• EPS400
• Limosilactobacillus fermentum NCDC400
• Functional properties
• Gelling ability
• Cholesterol lowering