The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2023)
BICEP/Keck. XVI. Characterizing Dust Polarization through Correlations with Neutral Hydrogen
- P. A. R. Ade,
- Z. Ahmed,
- M. Amiri,
- D. Barkats,
- R. Basu Thakur,
- C. A. Bischoff,
- D. Beck,
- J. J. Bock,
- H. Boenish,
- E. Bullock,
- V. Buza,
- J. R. Cheshire IV,
- S. E. Clark,
- J. Connors,
- J. Cornelison,
- M. Crumrine,
- A. Cukierman,
- E. V. Denison,
- M. Dierickx,
- L. Duband,
- M. Eiben,
- S. Fatigoni,
- J. P. Filippini,
- S. Fliescher,
- C. Giannakopoulos,
- N. Goeckner-Wald,
- D. C. Goldfinger,
- J. Grayson,
- P. Grimes,
- G. Hall,
- G. Halal,
- M. Halpern,
- E. Hand,
- S. Harrison,
- S. Henderson,
- S. R. Hildebrandt,
- J. Hubmayr,
- H. Hui,
- K. D. Irwin,
- J. Kang,
- K. S. Karkare,
- E. Karpel,
- S. Kefeli,
- S. A. Kernasovskiy,
- J. M. Kovac,
- C. L. Kuo,
- K. Lau,
- E. M. Leitch,
- A. Lennox,
- K. G. Megerian,
- L. Minutolo,
- L. Moncelsi,
- Y. Nakato,
- T. Namikawa,
- H. T. Nguyen,
- R. O’Brient,
- R. W. Ogburn IV,
- S. Palladino,
- M. A. Petroff,
- T. Prouve,
- C. Pryke,
- B. Racine,
- C. D. Reintsema,
- S. Richter,
- A. Schillaci,
- R. Schwarz,
- B. L. Schmitt,
- C. D. Sheehy,
- B. Singari,
- A. Soliman,
- T. St. Germaine,
- B. Steinbach,
- R. V. Sudiwala,
- G. P. Teply,
- K. L. Thompson,
- J. E. Tolan,
- C. Tucker,
- A. D. Turner,
- C. Umiltà,
- C. Vergès,
- A. G. Vieregg,
- A. Wandui,
- A. C. Weber,
- D. V. Wiebe,
- J. Willmert,
- C. L. Wong,
- W. L. K. Wu,
- H. Yang,
- K. W. Yoon,
- E. Young,
- C. Yu,
- L. Zeng,
- C. Zhang,
- S. Zhang,
- BICEP/Keck Collaboration
Affiliations
- P. A. R. Ade
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University , Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK
- Z. Ahmed
- ORCiD
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- M. Amiri
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
- D. Barkats
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- R. Basu Thakur
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- C. A. Bischoff
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
- D. Beck
- ORCiD
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; [email protected]
- J. J. Bock
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Jet Propulsion Laboratory , Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- H. Boenish
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- E. Bullock
- Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- V. Buza
- ORCiD
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago , Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- J. R. Cheshire IV
- ORCiD
- Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- S. E. Clark
- ORCiD
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; [email protected]
- J. Connors
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- J. Cornelison
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- M. Crumrine
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- A. Cukierman
- ORCiD
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; [email protected]
- E. V. Denison
- National Institute of Standards and Technology , Boulder, CO 80305, USA
- M. Dierickx
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- L. Duband
- Service des Basses Températures , Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, F-38054 Grenoble, France
- M. Eiben
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- S. Fatigoni
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
- J. P. Filippini
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- S. Fliescher
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- C. Giannakopoulos
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
- N. Goeckner-Wald
- Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; [email protected]
- D. C. Goldfinger
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- J. Grayson
- Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; [email protected]
- P. Grimes
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- G. Hall
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- G. Halal
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; [email protected]
- M. Halpern
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
- E. Hand
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
- S. Harrison
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- S. Henderson
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- S. R. Hildebrandt
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Jet Propulsion Laboratory , Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- J. Hubmayr
- National Institute of Standards and Technology , Boulder, CO 80305, USA
- H. Hui
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- K. D. Irwin
- ORCiD
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; [email protected]; National Institute of Standards and Technology , Boulder, CO 80305, USA
- J. Kang
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; [email protected]
- K. S. Karkare
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago , Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- E. Karpel
- Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; [email protected]
- S. Kefeli
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- S. A. Kernasovskiy
- Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; [email protected]
- J. M. Kovac
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Physics, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- C. L. Kuo
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; [email protected]
- K. Lau
- ORCiD
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- E. M. Leitch
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago , Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- A. Lennox
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- K. G. Megerian
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory , Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- L. Minutolo
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- L. Moncelsi
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Y. Nakato
- Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; [email protected]
- T. Namikawa
- ORCiD
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
- H. T. Nguyen
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory , Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- R. O’Brient
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Jet Propulsion Laboratory , Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- R. W. Ogburn IV
- ORCiD
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; [email protected]
- S. Palladino
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
- M. A. Petroff
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- T. Prouve
- Service des Basses Températures , Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, F-38054 Grenoble, France
- C. Pryke
- ORCiD
- Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- B. Racine
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Aix-Marseille Université , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, F-13288 Marseille, France
- C. D. Reintsema
- National Institute of Standards and Technology , Boulder, CO 80305, USA
- S. Richter
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- A. Schillaci
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- R. Schwarz
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- B. L. Schmitt
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- C. D. Sheehy
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton, NY 11973, USA
- B. Singari
- ORCiD
- Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- A. Soliman
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- T. St. Germaine
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Physics, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- B. Steinbach
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- R. V. Sudiwala
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University , Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK
- G. P. Teply
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- K. L. Thompson
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; [email protected]
- J. E. Tolan
- Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; [email protected]
- C. Tucker
- ORCiD
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University , Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK
- A. D. Turner
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory , Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- C. Umiltà
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- C. Vergès
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- A. G. Vieregg
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago , Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Physics, Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago , Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- A. Wandui
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- A. C. Weber
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory , Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- D. V. Wiebe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
- J. Willmert
- ORCiD
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- C. L. Wong
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Physics, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- W. L. K. Wu
- ORCiD
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- H. Yang
- Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; [email protected]
- K. W. Yoon
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; [email protected]
- E. Young
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; [email protected]
- C. Yu
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; [email protected]
- L. Zeng
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- C. Zhang
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- S. Zhang
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- BICEP/Keck Collaboration
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acb64c
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 945,
no. 1
p. 72
Abstract
We characterize Galactic dust filaments by correlating BICEP/Keck and Planck data with polarization templates based on neutral hydrogen (H i ) observations. Dust polarization is important for both our understanding of astrophysical processes in the interstellar medium (ISM) and the search for primordial gravitational waves in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). In the diffuse ISM, H i is strongly correlated with the dust and partly organized into filaments that are aligned with the local magnetic field. We analyze the deep BICEP/Keck data at 95, 150, and 220 GHz, over the low-column-density region of sky where BICEP/Keck has set the best limits on primordial gravitational waves. We separate the H i emission into distinct velocity components and detect dust polarization correlated with the local Galactic H i but not with the H i associated with Magellanic Stream i . We present a robust, multifrequency detection of polarized dust emission correlated with the filamentary H i morphology template down to 95 GHz. For assessing its utility for foreground cleaning, we report that the H i morphology template correlates in B modes at a ∼10%–65% level over the multipole range 20 < ℓ < 200 with the BICEP/Keck maps, which contain contributions from dust, CMB, and noise components. We measure the spectral index of the filamentary dust component spectral energy distribution to be β = 1.54 ± 0.13. We find no evidence for decorrelation in this region between the filaments and the rest of the dust field or from the inclusion of dust associated with the intermediate velocity H i . Finally, we explore the morphological parameter space in the H i -based filamentary model.
Keywords
- Interstellar dust
- Interstellar filaments
- Neutral hydrogen clouds
- Cosmic microwave background radiation
- Interstellar magnetic fields
- Interstellar medium
