Infection and Drug Resistance (Mar 2024)

Isolation and Characterization of Cholera Toxin Gene-Positive Vibrio cholerae Non-O1/Non-O139 Isolated from Urinary Tract Infection: A Case Report

  • Aljindan R,
  • Allahham R,
  • Alghamdi R,
  • Alhabib I,
  • AlNassri S,
  • Alkhalifa W,
  • Diab A,
  • Alomar A,
  • Yamani L,
  • Elhadi N

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 17
pp. 1147 – 1152

Abstract

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Reem Aljindan,1 Reema Allahham,2 Rana Alghamdi,2 Ibrahim Alhabib,2 Samia AlNassri,3 Wala Alkhalifa,4 Asim Diab,1 Amer Alomar,2 Lamya Yamani,2 Nasreldin Elhadi2 1Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 3Department of Infection Control, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Alkhobar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Microbiology, Comprehensive Screening Center, Eastern Health Cluster, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Nasreldin Elhadi, Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 2435, Dammam, 31441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Email [email protected]: Urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by V. cholerae is rare and less common. V. cholerae is a Gram-negative bacterium motile using single polar flagellum and, originally, is a waterborne microbe found in aquatic and estuarine environments. Toxigenic V. cholerae is well-known as a causative agent of acute and excessive watery diarrhea after ingesting food and water contaminated with this bacterium.Case Presentation: A 27-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department on 17th July 2021 with burning micturition, normal vital signs, and no fever, vomiting, or diarrhea. In 2017, the patient complained of short stature and vitamin D deficiency. He was on human growth hormone from January 2018 till October 2019. The diagnosis was V. cholerae Non-O1/non-O139 urinary tract infection (UTI). Considering a urinary tract infection, empirical treatment with Lornoxicam and Ciprofloxacin was initiated, while the result of urine culture was still pending. The patient was discharged on the same day and without any complications.Conclusion: V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 is primarily a marine inhabitant and is associated with sporadic cases resulting in cholera-like diarrhea after consumption of contaminated seafood and exposure to seawater. Extraintestinal infection associated with this bacterium should no longer be ignored as this change in the behavior of cholera bacteria mechanism of pathogenicity might be related to some associated virulence genes.Keywords: non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae, virulence genes, extraintestinal infection, ERIC-PCR

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