Infection and Drug Resistance (Jan 2024)
Synergistic Activity of 3-Hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-Thiol in Combination with Penicillin Against MRSA
Abstract
Abdelbagi Elfadil, Karem Ibrahem, Hani Abdullah, Jawahir A Mokhtar, Mohammed W Al-Rabia, Hafsa Alawad Mohammed Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi ArabicCorrespondence: Abdelbagi Elfadil, Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia, Tel +96612 6952000 Ext:21062, Email [email protected]: The growing resistance seen in various antibiotics, including those considered as last-resort options, underscores the pressing need for novel approaches and new substances to address MRSA infections. Combining antibiotics as a treatment approach can enhance effectiveness, expand the range of targeted bacteria, and minimize the likelihood of resistance emergence. This approach holds promise in addressing the escalating issue of antibiotic resistance.Purpose: This study seeks to investigate the potential synergy between 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol and penicillin against a diverse array of MRSA isolates, thereby providing insights into their combined antimicrobial action.Methods: Twenty-two clinical MRSA isolates subjected to broth microdilution to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) of 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol and penicillin. Subsequently, a checkerboard assay was employed to evaluate the interaction between 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol and penicillin, focusing on the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI).Results: The MICs of penicillin and 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol were determined for 22 clinical MRSA strains. Penicillin exhibited MICs within a range of 1024 to 128 μg/mL, while 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol displayed MICs varying from 64 to 8 μg/mL. Remarkably, the combination of 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol and penicillin yielded a synergistic effect, resulting in a significant reduction of MICs by up to 64-fold.Conclusion: The potential of 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol in combination with penicillin as a viable solution against MRSA appears promising. However, to establish its practical utility, further extensive testing and experiments are essential.Keywords: penicillin, antibiotic combination therapy, drug discovery, 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol
