Evaluation of Environmental Hazards Og Construction Facility on the Stage of Design

Abstract

Construction facility is the product of investment project in civil engineering. Building or reconstruction contributes to the development of urban areas, generating changes in the environment and is the great point of interest for many members of society. Thus, investment project in civil engineering can be considered as a purposeful change of the urban area and caused the aim of this study that is to construct a system of partial criteria for quantitative assessment of the environmental hazards associated with the construction facility at the stage of its design. Consequently, we propose to understand environmental efficiency of the investment project as ensuring minimal impact on the environment throughout the project product life cycle, both in the daily mode of operation and in emergency mode. Hierarchical nature of the set of ecological criteria being developed has been investigated. We consider the following factors of complex pollution of environment as air pollution, pollution of the water basin, ground pollution, solid and liquid wastes. Along with the parameters of the chemical, physical and other types of classical pollution the effect of statio-destructive and aesthetic pollution of ecosystems has been also studied. Thus, the environmental partial criteria that quantify the environmental hazards associated with construction project product have been ordered general criterion. We have highlighted partial criteria are applied in normalized form that allows to use comparative scale in the range [0,1]. It is necessary to note the highest value of each from the set of criteria corresponds to the lowest level of project eco-efficiency. To conclude we state that availability of partial criteria set for environmental hazards of product of investment project in civil engineering allows developing predictive multi criteria optimization model of project product. Dimensionless form of partial criteria set submission admits to use known techniques in order to transform vector optimization problem that is initial problem statement of determining the parameters of project product, optimal in terms of environmental safety, to scalar (one-criterion) optimization problem.

Keywords

• ecologic hazard
• contamination level evaluation
• construction facility