Clinical and functional characteristics of diabetic nephropathy in children

Abstract

Objective: To determine the clinical and functional characteristics of kidney damage in diabetes mellitus (DM) type I in children to establish the criteria for the prediction and early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Patients and methods. A total of 125 patients 4–18 years with type 1 diabetes. Kidney function was assessed by determining serum cystatin C and calculation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) using the formula Hawke. Results and discussion: the majority of patients with type 1 diabetes with the NAM, the median age was observed for 2.5 years more than in the comparison group (p <0.01). The high risk of developing MD in children with early-onset disease (51.7% of cases – up to 5 years of life) and the duration of diabetes for over 10 years. Nam 100% combined with other disease complications: neuropathy, retinopathy. In patients with DN revealed lower values of birth weight: 3,100 (2800–3400) c. against 3280 (3100–3600) c. In assessing the physical development of children, more than half have a disharmonious physical development. Assessment of blood pressure levels revealed its increase in most of the patients with DN. The majority of patients with DN (72.4%) marked signs of dyslipidemia, which is significantly higher than in the comparison group (29.2%, p <0.005). Conclusions: The risk factors for the formation of NAM in children are older than 15 years, disease duration of more than 10 years, presence of neuropathy, retinopathy, cataract, and combinations of these complications, low growth, hypertension, lipid spectrum of the blood plasma.

Keywords

• type i diabetes mellitus
• children
• diabetic nephropathy