Selection of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) genotypes for cultivation in the Brazilian Brejo Paraibano

Abstract

Soybeans have great commercial value and there are still regions with no indications of promising genotypes, such as Brejo Paraibano region. The objective of this study was to analyze the adaptability of 20 soybean genotypes selected with a relative maturity degree above 9. The genotypes used were: M8867RR, M8766RR, M9144RR, SYN1059 RR, M-SOY 9350, ST 920 RR, TMG1175RR, M8372IPRO, M8527RR, M8644IPRO, TOPAZIORR, UFV - 16 (Capinópolis) and UFVS: Berilo RR, 2013, 2012, 2010, 2005, QUARTZO, 2001, and 2008. A completely randomized experimental design was used with five replicates. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey test to compare the means. From the Mahalanobis generalized distance, it was possible to apply the Tocher and UPGMA tests. In addition, using the Singh method and canonical correlation, the quantification of the characteristics that contributed most to genetic divergence was evaluated. Only ten genotypes reached the physiological maturity, and the following variables were evaluated: hypocotyl length, leaf width and length, plant height, flower diameter, and seed width and length. The characteristics leaf width, flower diameter, and seed width were significant (P<0.05) and obtained values above 1 for the ratio between genotypic variation and environmental variation (CVG/CVE). The higher means for the significant characteristics were observed in the genotypes SYN1059 RR, UFVS: Berilo and 2013. The genotypes SYN1059 RR, M8766RR, M8867RR, UFVS: Berilo, 2012 and 2013 were selected as the most suitable parental material to use in breeding programs.

Keywords

• characterization
• genetic diversity
• genetic breeding
• adaptability
• superior genotypes