Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites for Lightweight Sustainable Automotive Parts

Abstract

This study examines the potential of polymer matrix nanocomposites for creating lightweight and sustainable automotive parts. It conducts a thorough analysis of mechanical properties, thermal properties, environmental impact, and cost considerations. A variety of nanofillers and polymer matrices were used to create nanocomposites, which were then analyzed to assess their suitability for use in automotive applications. The results indicate variations in the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites. Composite D demonstrates the highest tensile strength (95 MPa), Young's modulus (13 GPa), flexural strength (135 MPa), and impact strength (20 kJ/m^2), suggesting superior mechanical performance compared to the other nanocomposites. The analysis of thermal properties shows variations in glass transition temperature (Tg), melting temperature, thermal conductivity, and heat deflection temperature across different nanocomposites. Among them, Composite D exhibits the highest Tg (88°C) and melting temperature (160°C), along with superior thermal conductivity (0.7 W/mK) and heat deflection temperature (130°C). The assessment of environmental impact metrics reveals that Composite D has the lowest carbon footprint (8 kg CO2/kg), embodied energy (45 MJ/kg), and water usage (90 L/kg), as well as the highest recyclability (90%). These findings emphasize the potential of Composite D to minimize environmental impact and foster sustainability in the automotive manufacturing sector. There are variations in material and processing costs among nanocomposites. Composite D has the highest material cost ($25/kg) and processing cost ($18/kg). This study offers important insights into the performance, environmental impact, and cost considerations of polymer matrix nanocomposites for lightweight sustainable automotive parts. It contributes to the development of more environmentally friendly and efficient vehicles with improved performance characteristics.