Are Women with Normal-Weight Obesity at Higher Risk for Cardiometabolic Disorders?
Damoon Ashtary-Larky,
Sara Niknam,
Meysam Alipour,
Reza Bagheri,
Omid Asbaghi,
Mehrnaz Mohammadian,
Salvador J. Jaime,
Julien S. Baker,
Alexei Wong,
Katsuhiko Suzuki,
Reza Afrisham
Affiliations
Damoon Ashtary-Larky
Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran
Sara Niknam
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
Meysam Alipour
Department of Nutrition, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar 38196-93345, Iran
Reza Bagheri
Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
Omid Asbaghi
Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14167-53955, Iran
Mehrnaz Mohammadian
Department of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz 61349-37333, Iran
Salvador J. Jaime
University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, La Crosse, WI 54601, USA
Julien S. Baker
Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Department of Sport and Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong 999077, Hong Kong
Alexei Wong
Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, VA 22207, USA
Katsuhiko Suzuki
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan
Reza Afrisham
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14177-44361, Iran
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the cardiometabolic abnormalities in women with normal-weight obesity (NWO) in comparison with lean, overweight, and obese women. Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated the assessment of cardiometabolic abnormalities of women with NWO compared to lean, overweight, and obese women. NWO was defined as a BMI −2 and a BFP higher than 30%. Anthropometric variables, cardiometabolic abnormality markers (fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood pressure (BP), lipid profile, insulin resistance, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)), and liver enzymes were also examined. Results: Significant differences were observed in HDL concentrations between NWO, lean, and obese participants (p p > 0.05). The prevalence of the abnormal metabolic phenotype was higher in NWO compared to the lean group (4.0% and 24.1%, respectively; p p p p p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Individuals with NWO had a significantly higher incidence of cardiometabolic abnormalities when compared to lean participants. These abnormalities strongly relate to BFP and waist circumferences.
