Environmentally friendly greener approach toward sustainable application of amaltas brown pod-based natural colorant for wool yarn dyeing

Abstract

The escalating concerns over the environmental impacts of synthetic dyes have catalyzed a shift toward sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives in the textile industry. Within this framework, the purpose of this research article is to investigate the environmentally friendly application of brown pods generated from amaltas ( Cassia fistula ) as a natural pigment for the purpose of dyeing wool yarn. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of obtaining the reddish-brown anthraquinone-based pigment that is found in Cassia fistula pods by the application of microwave-assisted extraction process. The efficacy of microwave radiation in enhancing the extraction process is evaluated, highlighting its potential for expediting and improving the yield of the natural colorant. In addition, the response surface methodology is utilized in order to optimize the dyeing conditions. Particular attention is paid to characteristics like as temperature, duration, pH, and salt content. In addition, the study investigates the function of mordants, notably salt of Fe, salt of Al, and tartaric acid, in the process of improving colorfastness and generating shades that are both brilliant and long-lasting. The scope of the work is expanded to include the impacts of plant-based extracts as a biomordants, such as pomegranate, red sumac, and hulela zard, for the purpose of producing a wide variety of colors. Additionally, the impact of microwave treatment on wool yarn dyeability is explored, emphasizing improvements in surface morphology and dye absorption. The yarn analysis encompasses color strength, shade variation, and surface morphology, employing techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to elucidate chemical interactions. The study’s findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge on sustainable dyeing practices, highlighting the viability of amaltas-based natural pigments and environmentally friendly mordants in textile applications. Ultimately, this research underscores the significance of adopting ecologically conscious dyeing methods and paves the way for a more sustainable approach to coloration in the textile industry.