The Possible Impact of COVID-19 on Glycated Hemoglobin and Systolic Blood Pressure in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity
Tatiana Palotta Minari,
Carolina Freitas Manzano,
Louise Buonalumi Tácito Yugar,
Luis Gustavo Sedenho-Prado,
Tatiane de Azevedo Rubio,
Lúcia Helena Bonalumi Tácito,
Antônio Carlos Pires,
José Fernando Vilela-Martin,
Luciana Neves Cosenso-Martin,
Nelson Dinamarco Ludovico,
André Fattori,
Juan Carlos Yugar-Toledo,
Heitor Moreno,
Luciana Pellegrini Pisani
Affiliations
Tatiana Palotta Minari
Department of Hypertension, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil
Carolina Freitas Manzano
Department of Hypertension, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil
Louise Buonalumi Tácito Yugar
School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil
Luis Gustavo Sedenho-Prado
School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil
Tatiane de Azevedo Rubio
Cardiovascular Pharmacology & Hypertension Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil
Lúcia Helena Bonalumi Tácito
Department of Endocrinology, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil
Antônio Carlos Pires
Department of Endocrinology, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil
José Fernando Vilela-Martin
Department of Hypertension, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil
Luciana Neves Cosenso-Martin
Department of Endocrinology, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil
Nelson Dinamarco Ludovico
Department of Health, Medical College, State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Salobrinho, Ilhéus 45662-900, BA, Brazil
André Fattori
Cardiovascular Pharmacology & Hypertension Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil
Juan Carlos Yugar-Toledo
Department of Hypertension, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil
Heitor Moreno
Cardiovascular Pharmacology & Hypertension Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil
Luciana Pellegrini Pisani
Department of Bioscience, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos 11015-020, SP, Brazil
Background: There are still discrepancies in the literature as to whether COVID-19 infection could impact biochemical, anthropometric, and cardiovascular markers. The purpose of this study was firstly to observe the effects of COVID-19 infection over 12 months on Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. Secondarily, we analyzed the individual influence of COVID-19 infection on changes in biochemical, anthropometric, and cardiovascular markers. Methods: This study is part of a secondary analysis of a recently published article. The research involved 84 participants with T2D, divided into two groups: the control group (40 participants) received only medical care, while the intervention group (44 participants) received both medical care and nutritional assessment. Consultations were held quarterly over 12 months, with a follow-up after 3 months. Data Analysis: For influence analysis, non-normal variables were compared using the Mann–Whitney test, and normal variables were compared using unpaired t-tests. For all cases, α = 0.05 and p p = 0.0120) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p = 0.0460). For the other biochemical, anthropometric, and cardiovascular markers, in both groups, no significant differences were found (p > 0.05). Conclusion: COVID-19 possibly influenced SBP and HbA1c levels over 12 months in people with T2D and obesity. However, caution should be exercised in generalizing these results due to the limitations of this study. Additionally, influence analysis does not establish a causal relationship, and more clinical trials in different populations are needed to fully analyze this topic.
