Bìznes Inform (Jun 2023)
Consequences of the Russian Invasion for Ukrainian Society: Migration, Its Extent, Ways to Overcome
Abstract
The article considers the main aspects of a previously unknown phenomenon in Ukrainian society – the multi-million number of refugees during the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine. The reasons that directly influenced the migration of Ukrainians are identified. The extent of destruction of Ukrainian cities as a result of terrorist attacks, which provoked a powerful migration wave, is determined. An analysis of the most damaged objects of social infrastructure, enterprises, residential buildings, medical and educational institutions, in particular in Donbas and the Azov region, is carried out. The cities of the aggressor country hosting the deported people from the seized parts of regions of Ukraine are named. In this respect, it cannot be determined for certain which category of Ukrainians left voluntarily and which under duress. The countries of the European Union chosen by Ukrainians for residence, citizenship or temporary asylum are studied. It is determined that in the overwhelming majority the choice of destination country was determined by proximity to the homeland. The gender and age category of the displaced persons, marital status, etc. are analyzed. The critically young age of Ukrainian refugees, the dynamics of the outflow of the reproductive category of the population representing the intellect of the State are determined. The socioeconomic problems (loss of housing, divorces, drain of economically active population, aging of the nation, undermining of territories, ecological catastrophe, falling GDP, etc.) that will befall Ukraine in the post-war period are emphasized. It is proved that economic factors can cause another wave of economic migration, which must be prevented today. It is revealed that for the return of migrants important are the level of unemployment, incomes of the population, prospects for economic growth, economic recovery. The priorities and directions of the State policy for the return of Ukrainian citizens, the development of destroyed territories and the protection of Ukrainians situated on the border with Russia and Belarus are determined.
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