Vitamin D Deficiency Is a Potential Risk for Blood Pressure Elevation and the Development of Hypertension

Abstract

Background and objectives: Hypertension is a global health problem and a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Vitamin D deficiency is closely related to high blood pressure and the development of hypertension. This study investigated the relationship between the vitamin D and blood pressure status in healthy adults, and their 8-year follow-up was added. Materials and Methods: A total of 491 healthy middle-aged participants without any chronic illness, ages 21 to 67 at baseline, were divided into two groups as non-optimal blood pressure (NOBP) and optimal blood pressure (OBP). NOBP group was divided into two subgroups: normal (NBP) and high normal blood pressure (HNBP). Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels were measured with the immunoassay method. 8-year follow-up of the participants was added. Results: The average vitamin D level was detected 32.53 ± 31.50 nmol/L in the OBP group and 24.41 ± 14.40 nmol/L in the NOBP group, and a statistically significant difference was found (p p Conclusions: The low levels of vitamin D were significantly associated with NBP and HNBP. The low levels of vitamin D were also associated with the development of hypertension in an 8-year follow-up.

Keywords

• vitamin D
• blood pressure
• hypertension
• parathyroid hormone