Predictive capacity of FRAX in a spanish region with a hip fracture rate close to the national mean

Abstract

Abstract Background It is known that standardized incidence rates of hip fracture vary among older people in Spain. So far, the results published on the validation of the FRAX® tool in Spain have suggested that the major osteoporotic fractures (MOFs) risk in our country is underestimated. These studies have practically been based on Spanish cohorts evaluated in Catalonia, a higher hip fracture rate area. The purpose of this study is to analyse the ability of the FRAX® in a Spanish mid-fracture rate population. Methods Study design: Retrospective cohort study. Measures MOFs: hip, humerus, wrist, spine fractures. Risk of fracture assessed by calculating odds ratios (ORs). Predictive capacity of FRAX® according to the osteoporotic fractures observed between 2009 and 2018 (ObsFr) to predicted by FRAX® without densitometry in 2009 (PredFr) ratio. Results 285 participants (156 women, 54.7%) with a mean ± SD of 61.5 ± 14 years. Twenty-four people sustained 27 fractures (15 MOFs). Significant ORs were observed for an age ≥ 65 (2.92; 95% CI, 1.07–7.96), female sex (3.18; 95% CI, 1.24–8.16), rheumatoid arthritis (0.62; 95% CI, 2.03–55.55), proton pump (2.71; 95% CI, 1.20–6.09) and serotonin reuptake (2.51; 95% CI, 1.02–6.16) inhibitors. The ObsFr/PredFr ratio in women were 1.12 (95% CI, 0.95–1.29) for MOFs and 0.47 (95% CI, 0-0.94) for hip fractures. Men had a ratio of 0.57 (95% CI, 0.01–1.14) for MOF, no hip fractures were observed. The ratios for the overall group were 1.29 (95% CI, 1.12–1.48) for MOFs and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.22–1.17) for hip fractures. Conclusions FRAX® accurately predicted MOFs in women population with a hip fracture incidence rate close to the national mean compared to previous studies conducted in higher incidence regions in Spain.

Keywords

• FRAX®
• Primary care
• Osteoporotic fracture risk
• Osteoporotic fracture