Sida hermaphrodita Rusby as a Papermaking Raw Material – Chemical And Morphological Characteristics
Magdalena Kmiotek,
Katarzyna Dybka-Stępień,
Roman Molas,
Anna Kiełtyka-Dadasiewicz,
Magdalena Gapińska,
Sława Glińska,
Mariusz Siciński,
Mateusz Imiela
Affiliations
Magdalena Kmiotek
Centre of Papermaking and Printing, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 223 Str., 93-005 Lodz, Poland
Katarzyna Dybka-Stępień
Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-530 Lodz, Poland
Roman Molas
Usida R&D, Czardasza 12/2, 02-169 Warsaw, Poland
Anna Kiełtyka-Dadasiewicz
Department of Plant Production Technology and Commodity Science, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
Magdalena Gapińska
Laboratory of Microscopic Imaging and Specialized Biological Techniques, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
Sława Glińska
Laboratory of Microscopic Imaging and Specialized Biological Techniques, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
Mariusz Siciński
Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/14, 90-530 Lodz, Poland
Mateusz Imiela
Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/14, 90-530 Lodz, Poland
A continually increasing demand for papermaking materials and simultaneously growing disproportion between the request for fiber and the limited resources of wood have forced scientists and the papermaking industry to search for the new sources of fibrous raw materials. A new promising set of raw materials for papermaking comes from energy crops. This paper presents Sida hermaphrodita Rusby L., as a non-woody raw material for papermaking. From the studies of chemical composition, it follows that cellulose content of more than 40% characterizes phloem of stems and branches, whereas in xylem exhibits more than 32%. The lowest is the concentration of cellulose in leaves and flowers of Sida. The content of lignin is lower than 24% and 16% in stem xylem and phloem, respectively. In Sida, hemicelluloses and mineral substances stand for being not more than 30% and 2%, respectively. The morphology of Sida cells is similar to hardwood, with fiber length of 0.383, 0.470 and 1.025 mm for parenchyma, xylem, and phloem, respectively. The chemical composition of Sida hermaphrodita together with its morphological characteristics make this raw material suitable for a production of papers intended for printing, writing and tissue.
