Effects of the Montague resonance on the formation of the beam distribution during multiturn injection painting in a high-intensity proton ring

Abstract

The “Montague resonance” is a familiar issue in high-intensity proton rings, which causes emittance exchange between the two transverse planes, having a significant influence on their high-intensity performance. In this paper, we discuss the characteristic effects of this resonance on the formation of the beam distribution during multiturn injection painting that are measured experimentally at the 3-GeV rapid cycling synchrotron in the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex. In addition, we discuss an optimization methodology for injection painting for the case involving emittance exchange.