Chronic gingivitis: association with gender, oral health and depression

Abstract

Introduction: gingivitis is the type of periodontal disease most frequently observed in young patients. Objective: to determine the association between chronic gingivitis and the main risk factors such as sex, oral hygiene and depression in ninth grade students of the Batalla de Guisa Basic Secondary School of the Guisa municipality in the year 2021. Method: an observational, analytical, case-control study was carried out in ninth grade students of the Batalla de Guisa Basic Secondary School of the Guisa municipality in the year 2021. The study universe was constituted by 360 students and the sample of 90, 30 cases and 60 controls were selected, through the type of simple random sampling. The variables studied were: presence of chronic gingivitis, sex, oral hygiene and depression. Frequencies (numbers and percentages) were determined and the Chi-square test (x2) was used to determine the association between variables, with statistical significance when p was less than 0.05, Odds Ratio (OR) and a confidence level of 95%. Results: the population studied was characterized by the predominance of chronic gingivitis in the male sex (70 %). The most frequent risk factor, in general, was depression (48.89 %) (p= 0.031), as in those affected. Conclusion: The association between depression and morbidity due to chronic gingivitis was found.

Keywords

• depresión
• gingivitis crónica
• higiene bucal
• salud bucal.