Anatomical Distribution of Diarrhetic Shellfish Toxins (DSTs) in the Japanese Scallop Patinopecten yessoensis and Individual Variability in Scallops and Mytilus edulis Mussels: Statistical Considerations
Ryoji Matsushima,
Hajime Uchida,
Ryuichi Watanabe,
Hiroshi Oikawa,
Izumi Oogida,
Yuki Kosaka,
Makoto Kanamori,
Tatsuro Akamine,
Toshiyuki Suzuki
Affiliations
Ryoji Matsushima
National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Fukuura 2-12-4, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8648, Japan
Hajime Uchida
National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Fukuura 2-12-4, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8648, Japan
Ryuichi Watanabe
National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Fukuura 2-12-4, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8648, Japan
Hiroshi Oikawa
National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Fukuura 2-12-4, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8648, Japan
Izumi Oogida
Aomori Prefectural Industrial Technology Research Center, Fisheries Research Institute, Hiranai, Higashitsugarugun, Aomori 039-3381, Japan
Yuki Kosaka
Aomori Prefectural Industrial Technology Research Center, Fisheries Research Institute, Hiranai, Higashitsugarugun, Aomori 039-3381, Japan
Makoto Kanamori
Hokkaido Research Organization, Fisheries Research Department, Hakodate Fisheries Research Institute, Benten-cho 20-5, Hakodate, Hokkaido 040-0051, Japan
Tatsuro Akamine
National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Fukuura 2-12-4, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8648, Japan
Toshiyuki Suzuki
National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Fukuura 2-12-4, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8648, Japan
Diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs) are a group of phycotoxins that include okadaic acid (OA)/dinophysistoxin (DTX) analogues. At present, detailed data on the distribution of DST is insufficient, and studies of the appropriate sample sizes are lacking. This study investigated the DST frequency distribution in scallops and mussels by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) and a resampling analysis of existing data was carried out. The DST population-interval and the necessary sample size were also estimated. DSTs are localized in the scallop digestive-gland, and the DST concentrations in scallops were water-depth-dependent. DST concentrations in scallops and mussels showed normal distributions, but mussels tended to contain more DSTs than scallops. In the statistical resampling analysis of the acquired data on scallops and mussels, especially that using the bootstrap method, sample size was difficult to estimate when the DST variation was large. Although the DST population-interval could be statistically estimated from the sample standard deviation of three samples, the sample size corresponded to the risk management level, and the use of 13 or more samples was preferable. The statistical methods used here to analyze individual contents and estimate population content-intervals could be applied in various situations and for shellfish toxins other than DSTs.
