PREVALENCE AND POTENTIAL RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH KETOSIS IN DAIRY FARMS IN EGYPT

Abstract

Ketosis is an energy-related metabolic disease that primarily occurs during the early lactation period in dairy cattle. Ketosis adversely affects production, animal health, and reproduction. The present study determines the prevalence and risk factors associated with ketosis in dairy cattle during early lactation in Egypt. A total of 1179 dairy cows from 37 dairy farms were screened for ketosis using a semi-quantitative cow-side milk strip test. A questionnaire was constructed to include the hypothesized risk factors. Risk factors were assessed on both the cow and herd levels using logistic regression model. The findings showed that the prevalence of ketosis was 6.35% (75/1179 cases). On the cow level, the final logistic regression model revealed a significant association between ketosis and parity ≥4 (P= 0.040, OR: 1.74, CI 95%: 1.025–2.95), cows with a dry period length ≥ 65 days (P =0.02, OR: 1.88, CI 95%: 1.1–3.18), calving season (P=0.037, OR: 1.73, CI 95%: 1.03–2.89), BCS>3.5 (P= 0.010, OR: 2.03, CI 95%: 1.19–3.47), milk yield ≥25L/day (P= 0.033, OR 2.04, CI 95%: 1.06-3.92), dystocia (P3,5 (P= 0,010, OR: 2,03, CI 95 %: 1,19-3,47), mlečnostjo ≥25L/dan (P= 0,033, OR 2,04, CI 95 %: 1,06-3,92), distociji (P< 0,001; OR: 3. 18, CI 95 %: 1,75-5,77), zadržani posteljici (P= 0,006, OR: 2,85, CI 95 %: 1,35-6,032) in dislokacijo siriščnika (P< 0,001, OR: 26,28; CI 95 %: 7,20-95,90). Na ravni črede smo ugotovili povezavo med ketozo in nezadostnim krmljenjem s skupnim mešanim obrokom pred porodom (P= 0. 021, OR: 6,29, CI 95 %: 1,325-29,86), v čredah s pomanjkljivo laktacijo pa z dodatkom propilenglikola (P= 0,047, OR: 4,86, CI 95 %: 1,020-23,19). Zaključimo lahko, da je ketoza obstoječa težava na mlečnih kmetijah v Egiptu, zato lahko opredelitev dejavnikov tveganja predstavlja uporaben pristop za preprečevanje in nadzor teh presnovnih težav. Ključne besede: krava molznica; ketoza; dejavniki tveganja; BHBA

Keywords

• dairy cow
• ketosis
• risk factors
• BHBA