Low-Boom Design for Supersonic Transport with Canard and Forward-Swept Wings Using Equivalent Area Design Method

Abstract

Forward-swept wings can be expected to be lower-boom planforms with similar amount of drag as backward-swept wings because of their good lift distributions. In this study, the equivalent area distribution of a ten-seater supersonic forward-swept wing aircraft with a canard was designed to obtain design knowledge for leading boom reduction. The equivalent area distribution of the aircraft was calculated by solving the compressible Euler equation. A feasible target equivalent area distribution was generated based on Darden’s method and compared with the equivalent area distribution. To achieve a closer match in terms of lift and geometry with the target, the main wing planform and the position of the main wing along the body and vertical axes were modified. The low-boom performances were evaluated using the extended Burgers equation. The design results indicated that the forward-swept wing configuration with a canard could divide the single peak of the leading boom into two peaks. Thus, the sonic boom strength of the canard configuration was 2.5 PLdB lower than that of the configuration without the canard wing.

Keywords

• forward-swept wing
• canard wing
• SGD theory
• equivalent area distribution
• Euler simulation