Effects of Perioperative Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block on Postoperative Pain and Hip Function in Elderly Patients With Hip Fracture

Abstract

Purpose Pain management is a challenging issue in elderly patients with hip fracture. Despite the accepted clinical outcomes following hip surgery, pain and prolonged recovery time are the most difficult consequences associated with the rehabilitation process. The purpose of this study was to evaluate pain relief and functional improvement associated with the Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block (FICB) during the perioperative period of elderly patients with hip fracture. Patients and methods This study included 120 elderly patients with hip fracture, who were admitted to our institution between January 2019 and December 2020. The participants were subsequently randomly divided into the routine analgesia (RA) and fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) groups. Inter-group differences were compared via VAS scores at rest and during movement, Harris hip scores (HHS), presence of complications, adverse events after surgery, and length of hospital stay. Results The FICB group VAS scores at rest at 6 hour, 1 and 3 days, and 1 week after surgery were significantly lower than the RA group ( P < .05). Moreover, the FICB group VAS scores with movement were markedly lower at 6 hour, 1 and 3 days, as well as 1 and 2 weeks after surgery ( P < .05). The HHS of the FICB and RA groups were (53.41±8.63) and (40.02±9.61), respectively, on the seventh day after surgery, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < .05). The incidence of postoperative complications and adverse events in the FICB group were not statistically different from the RA group. The average hospital stay of the FICB group was 2.12 days shorter than the RA group, but the difference did not reach statistical significance ( P = .13). Conclusion FICB provides superior analgesic effect both at rest and with movement, along with rapid short-term recovery of hip function following surgery in elderly patients with hip fracture, without increasing postoperative complications or adverse events.