Regulatory mechanism of a light-dependent protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase in chlorophyll biosynthesis and environmental adaptation

Abstract

Chlorophyll is a vital component of photosynthesis and must be produced throughout the plant life cycle. Light-dependent protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (LPOR) is a pivotal enzyme in the chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway, catalyzing the conversion of Pchlide to Chlide. The presence of different types of LPOR ensures the efficient synthesis of chlorophyll in photosynthetic organisms during the dark-light transition. In addition to the transcriptional, translational, and post-translational regulation of LPOR function under different abiotic stresses, the nature of the substrate also influences LPOR function. Here, a perspective on chlorophyll synthesis and the development of chloroplasts is offered, the importance of LPOR in safeguarding plant light energy utilization is summarized, the gene expression pattern and structural-functional features of LPOR are outlined, as well as the role of LPOR in abiotic stress tolerance response, the catalytic mechanism of LPOR as well as the modulation of LPOR by light signals and other environmental factors are discussed. The aim is to provide references for the cultivation and innovation of plant germplasm resources with stress tolerance.

Keywords

• chlorophyll biosynthesis
• por
• light signaling
• protochlorophyllide.