Clinical Features of Cancer Patients with Venous Thromboembolism

Abstract

Objective To investigate the clinical features of cancer patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) and related risk factors. Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted to investigate the clinical and survival outcomes of cancer patients with VTE. Statistical analysis of VTE-related influencing factors was performed using chi-square test, Log rank test and proportional hazard regression model (Cox model). GraphPad Prism8.0 was used to draw the survival curve. Results We collected 11 620 patients with new-onset cancer, including 385 patients with VTE. The incidence of VTE in cancer patients was 3.31%. The incidence of VTE in malignant lymphoma patients was the highest (4.78%), followed by colorectal cancer (4.40%) and breast cancer (4.08%). Patients treated with combination therapy had a higher rate of VTE. TNM staging was positively correlated with the proportion of VTE in cancer patients. The median survival time was 17.90 months (95%CI: 10.21-25.59), and the 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 51.89%, 37.76% and 18.88%, respectively. Multivariate analysis results showed that age, gender and TNM staging were independent risk factors affecting the survival and prognosis of patients. Conclusion Patients with malignant tumors are prone to VTE. High-risk patients should be closely observed to prevent VTE.

Keywords

• cancer
• venous thromboembolism
• risk factors
• prevention and treatment
• prognosis