Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein, remnant cholesterol, and apolipoproteins CII, CIII, and E in patients with schizophrenia

Jeffrey Wang; Maaike Kockx; Magdalena Bolek; Tim Lambert; David Sullivan; Vincent Chow; Leonard Kritharides

Journal of Lipid Research (Jul 2024)

Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein, remnant cholesterol, and apolipoproteins CII, CIII, and E in patients with schizophrenia

Jeffrey Wang,
Maaike Kockx,
Magdalena Bolek,
Tim Lambert,
David Sullivan,
Vincent Chow,
Leonard Kritharides

Affiliations

Jeffrey Wang: Atherosclerosis Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital and the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Maaike Kockx: Atherosclerosis Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital and the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Magdalena Bolek: Atherosclerosis Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital and the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Tim Lambert: Concord Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Collaborative Centre for Cardiometabolic Health, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
David Sullivan: Department of Chemical Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Central Clinical Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Vincent Chow: Concord Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Collaborative Centre for Cardiometabolic Health, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Leonard Kritharides: Atherosclerosis Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital and the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Concord Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia; For correspondence: Leonard Kritharides

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 65, no. 7
p. 100577

Abstract

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Patients with schizophrenia show a disproportionally increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Hypertriglyceridemia is prevalent in this population; however, how this relates to levels of remnant cholesterol, triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoprotein (TRL) particle size and composition, TG turnover, and apolipoprotein (apo) and angiopoietin-like protein (ANGPTL) concentrations is unknown. Fasting levels of cholesterol (total [TC], LDL-C, HDL-C, non-HDL-C and remnant cholesterol) and TG were determined in 110 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, and 46 healthy controls. TRL particle size, concentration and composition, and β-hydroxybutyrate (TG turnover marker) were assessed by NMR. Levels of apoCII, apoCIII, apoE, ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4, and ANGPTL8 were measured by ELISA, and apoCII, apoCIII and apoE were further evaluated in HDL and non-HDL fractions. Patients with schizophrenia had significantly elevated TG, TG:apoB ratio, non-HDL-C, remnant cholesterol, non-HDL-apoCII and non-HDL-apoCIII, and HDL-apoE (all P < 0.05), lower HDL-C and apoA-I (all P < 0.001), and comparable apoB, TC, TC:apoB ratio, LDL-C, β-hydroxybutyrate, ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4 and ANGPTL8 to healthy controls. Patients had a 12.0- and 2.5-fold increase in the concentration of large and medium TRL particles respectively, but similar cholesterol:TG ratio within each particle. Plasma TG, remnant cholesterol, and large and medium TRL particle concentrations correlated strongly with apoCII, apoCIII, and apoE in the non-HDL fraction, and with apoCIII and apoE in the HDL fraction in patients with schizophrenia. Differences in TG, HDL-C, TRL particle concentrations, apoCIII, and apoE persisted after adjustment for conventional risk factors. These results are consistent with impaired TRL lipolysis and clearance in patients with schizophrenia which may be responsive to targeting apoCIII.

Published in Journal of Lipid Research

ISSN: 0022-2275 (Print); 1539-7262 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: United States
LCC subjects: Science: Chemistry: Organic chemistry: Biochemistry
Website: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-lipid-research

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