Typhus: epidemiological evolution and features of a clinical case in Novosibirsk

Abstract

Background. Typhoid fever remains an urgent problem due to the widespread spread in the world. According to the World Health Organization, the world records from 11 to 21 million cases of typhoid fever per year, of which fatal – from 128,000 to 161,000 cases. Russia belongs to countries with low and very low endemicity, incidence rates from 2014 to 2023 ranged from 0.05-0.01 per 100 thousand population, about 40% of all cases of typhoid fever are recorded among tourists who came from tropical countries.Results. When analyzing the dynamics of the incidence of typhoid fever in the Novosibirsk Region for the period 2008-2023, it can be noted that it was sporadic, a slight increase in its level was recorded in 2008, 2014, 2017 and 2018. In the period 2019-2022 in the Novosibirsk Region cases of typhoid fever were not detected. The article reflects the epidemiological features of typhoid fever for the period 2014-2023. Despite the decrease in the incidence rate, at present, the possibility of not only importation of this infection by tourists and migrants from disadvantaged regions, but also the occurrence of local cases remains. The article presents the clinical picture of a local case of typhoid fever in a pregnant woman, whose clinic was dominated by prolonged remitting fever and moderately pronounced intoxication syndrome. Isolated from stool Salmonella typhi was resistant to ciprofloxacin.

Keywords

• typhoid fever
• morbidity
• clinical symptoms
• diagnosis
• antibacterial therapy
• pregnancy