Energy and Reserve under Distributed Energy Resources Management—Day-Ahead, Hour-Ahead and Real-Time
Tiago Soares,
Marco Silva,
Tiago Sousa,
Hugo Morais,
Zita Vale
Affiliations
Tiago Soares
INESC Technology and Science (INESC TEC), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
Marco Silva
Department of Electrical Engineering, Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development (GECAD), Institute of Engineering-Polytechnic of Porto (ISEP/IPP), 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
Tiago Sousa
Department of Electrical Engineering, Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development (GECAD), Institute of Engineering-Polytechnic of Porto (ISEP/IPP), 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
Hugo Morais
Department of Electrical Engineering, Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development (GECAD), Institute of Engineering-Polytechnic of Porto (ISEP/IPP), 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
Zita Vale
Department of Electrical Engineering, Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development (GECAD), Institute of Engineering-Polytechnic of Porto (ISEP/IPP), 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
The increasing penetration of distributed energy resources based on renewable energy sources in distribution systems leads to a more complex management of power systems. Consequently, ancillary services become even more important to maintain the system security and reliability. This paper proposes and evaluates a generic model for day-ahead, intraday (hour-ahead) and real-time scheduling, considering the joint optimization of energy and reserve in the scope of the virtual power player concept. The model aims to minimize the operation costs in the point of view of one aggregator agent taking into account the balance of the distribution system. For each scheduling stage, previous scheduling results and updated forecasts are considered. An illustrative test case of a distribution network with 33 buses, considering a large penetration of distribution energy resources allows demonstrating the benefits of the proposed model.
