Design and optimization of circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna array based on Al2O3 ceramic

Abstract

A comprehensive design of an ultra-broadband circularly polarized (CP) dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) array operating in the C-band for fifth-generation (5G) communication systems is presented in this paper. The objective is to achieve a compact antenna size capable of receiving and transmitting CP electromagnetic waves over a wider bandwidth. The material chosen for the dielectric resonator (DR) is Alumina (Al2O3) ceramic, known for its low dielectric loss and exceptional mechanical properties, making it an ideal candidate for the DR. The proposed design utilizes a 2 × 2 array of cross-shaped DRs, fed by a compact circular phase-shift feeding network with double-point feeding. This configuration results in a 3-dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of 48.7 % and an impedance matching bandwidth (IMB) of 53.2 %. The antenna's horizontal size is reduced to 1.17 × 1.17λ02, and the gain is significantly enhanced by exciting multiple Mie resonances in the stacked DRs, yielding a measured peak gain of 12.48 dBic. These outstanding features position the CP DRA array as an excellent choice for 5G communication systems.

Keywords

• Al2O3 ceramic
• Dielectric resonator antenna array
• Circularly polarized
• High gain
• Small horizontal size