Designing and validating a flipped learning pattern based on problem-oriented teaching approach of the English course

Abstract

This research provides a framework for identifying, designing and validating a Flipped Learning Pattern (FLP) in terms of Problem-Oriented Teaching Approach (POTA). It seeks to provide an outline for designing a new learning model as an improvement strategy in teaching and learning English. It is also as a facilitator and guide to solve the learning problems and improve the learning performance. It was applied research. Qualitative data was collected to identify the components of the pattern through a systematic review of 93 written and electronic documents and in-depth interviews with 32 available and purposeful experts. Then, the inductive qualitative content analysis of the components was performed and the final indicators of the pattern were determined. To confirm the components, 25 experts were asked to evaluate them. Based on the results of CVR = 0.9 and the reliability of the questionnaire) r = 0.83(, all 94 components in 18 main indicators and 76 sub-indicators were confirmed. The activities before, while and after the class were separately approved along with the independent activities of the teacher and learner, and it was presented as a conceptual and process pattern. The results indicated the acceptability of the identified indicators and sub-indicators of the designed pattern. Also, according to the experts, the existence of the presented components in the pattern can have a great impact on the activity of learners through choosing the appropriate teaching method with conscious design. Therefore, how to plan and implement this pattern are recommended not only to English language teachers, but also to teachers of different courses.

Keywords

• pattern
• flipped learning
• teaching
• english language