Fysioterapeuten (Oct 2022)
Cardiac patients' experience of physical activity and exercise: A qualitative metasynthesis
Abstract
Background: Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation may increase quality of life, improve work capacity and reduce risk factors for readmission and cardiovascular death. Nevertheless, many patients are unable to continue exercising after discharge from a rehabilitation unit; only 50% are able to maintain the recommended level of physical activity. It is important to examine the patients' experiences with exercise after heart disease. The purpose of this study was to examine patients' experience of exercise after institution-based cardiac rehabilitation. Method: A literature study with meta-synthesis of qualitative data was chosen. Searches were performed in the databases MEDLINE, Embase, Cinahl, AMED, PEDro and SveMed +. Metaethnography was used to analyze and synthesize data material. Results: Six qualitative interview studies met the inclusion criteria. Through the analysis we identified a main theme; internal and external influences on exercise. Four related sub-themes were also identified; routines and motivation; follow-up and support; training; and handling of negative and positive thoughts. People who managed to make exercise a lifestyle believed that the formation of routines was important for success. Follow-up, support and management of negative and positive thoughts may help patients to a more active lifestyle. Support from training partners and follow-up from a physiotherapist was important for maintaining motivation for exercise. Conclusion: This study shows that the participants differed in their experience of exercise after institution-based cardiac rehabilitation. Some people mastered exercise well, while others found it challenging. The emergence of routines, enjoyment, experienced accomplishments were important for exercise motivation. Challenges for maintaining exercise included the lack of organized exercise offers, as well as travel distance.
